Package | hl7.fhir.uv.ebm |
Type | ImplementationGuide |
Id | Id |
FHIR Version | R6 |
Source | http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/https://build.fhir.org/ig/HL7/ebm/index.html |
Url | http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/ImplementationGuide/hl7.fhir.uv.ebm |
Version | 2.0.0-ballot |
Status | draft |
Date | 2024-12-16T14:35:45+00:00 |
Name | EBMIG |
Title | Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide |
Experimental | False |
Realm | uv |
Authority | hl7 |
No resources found
No resources found
Note: links and images are rebased to the (stated) source
Generated Narrative: ImplementationGuide hl7.fhir.uv.ebm
The official URL for this implementation guide is:
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"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/33399"
},
"name" : "35243488 Bariatric surgery and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.",
"description" : "This Citation Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/journal-article-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/179605"
},
"name" : "36491989 Another Georgia Wonder Woman: She Does More Astounding Tricks Than Did Lula Hurst.",
"description" : "This Citation Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/journal-article-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/264329"
},
"name" : "37024129 Benefits and harms of drug treatment for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.",
"description" : "This Citation Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/journal-article-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/179604"
},
"name" : "6907780 Career guide: to change what needs changing...doesn't take Wonder Woman.",
"description" : "This Citation Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/journal-article-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "ResearchStudy"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "ResearchStudy/267245"
},
"name" : "A Study of Nasal Glucagon (LY900018) in Japanese Participants With Diabetes Mellitus - M11 Example",
"description" : "This ResearchStudy Resource was derived from data in the ClinicalTrials.gov record then modified for use to support an M11 Report.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/m11-research-study"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/adaptation"
},
"name" : "Adaptation",
"description" : "Profile of ArtifactAssessment for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The Adaptation Profile is used for assessments of a knowledge artifact that are used to create a new knowledge artifact through acceptance, rejection or modification of the assessed artifact.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179683"
},
"name" : "ADAS-Cog(11) EndpointAnalysisPlan from PHUSE Lilly Redacted Protocol - EBMonFHIR IG Version",
"description" : "An example of an EndpointAnalysisPlan Profile which uses intended='true' and include-if extensions within Evidence.statistic.modelCharacteristic elements.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/endpoint-analysis-plan"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/265093"
},
"name" : "Adults with type 2 diabetes",
"description" : "An example of CohortDefinition used to support a SystematicReviewEligibilityCriteria example.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/236947"
},
"name" : "Adults with type 2 diabetes and CVD and CKD",
"description" : "This Group Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/7636"
},
"name" : "Anticoagulation for COVID-19 Combined RCTs in NEJM",
"description" : "The peer-reviewed report for combination of 3 adaptive RCTs",
"isExample" : true
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:extension"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/artifact-assessment-compared"
},
"name" : "ArtifactAssessmentCompared",
"description" : "The artifact being compared to the referenced artifact.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:extension"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/artifact-assessment-date-as-rating"
},
"name" : "ArtifactAssessmentDateAsRating",
"description" : "A date or dateTime value as the classifier or rating value.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Composition"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Composition/235365"
},
"name" : "Baseline Measure Report: Association of Bariatric Surgery vs Medical Obesity Treatment With Long-term Medical Complications and Obesity-Related Comorbidities (2018 Norwegian Cohort)",
"description" : "This example of a BaselineMeasureReport Profile shows a report from a single observational study with 2 baseline measures.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/baseline-measure-report"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/baseline-measure-evidence"
},
"name" : "BaselineMeasureEvidence",
"description" : "Profile of Evidence for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The BaselineMeasureEvidence Profile is used for evidence with a measured variable (with the role of outcome for this Evidence) that is considered an independent variable with respect to the outcome of an exposure or intervention in a study.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179451"
},
"name" : "BaselineMeasureEvidence: Age in 2018 Norwegian Cohort Medical Group",
"description" : "Age in Medical Group (n = 956) mean 45.7 years, SD 13.5 years",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/baseline-measure-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179452"
},
"name" : "BaselineMeasureEvidence: Age in 2018 Norwegian Cohort Surgical Group",
"description" : "Age in Surgical Group (n = 932) mean 41.2 years, SD 10.5 years",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/baseline-measure-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179458"
},
"name" : "BaselineMeasureEvidence: BMI in 2018 Norwegian Cohort Medical Group",
"description" : "BMI in Medical Group (n = 956) mean 42.9 kg/m2, SD 5.7 kg/m2",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/baseline-measure-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179457"
},
"name" : "BaselineMeasureEvidence: BMI in 2018 Norwegian Cohort Surgical Group",
"description" : "BMI in Surgical Group (n = 932) mean 45.4 kg/m2, SD 6.2 kg/m2",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/baseline-measure-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/baseline-measure-report"
},
"name" : "BaselineMeasureReport",
"description" : "Profile of Composition for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The BaselineMeasureReport Profile is used for an evidence report including the findings for any number of baseline measures in a research study.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "ResearchStudy"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "ResearchStudy/264321"
},
"name" : "Benefits and harms of drug treatment for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials",
"description" : "**Objective** To compare the benefits and harms of drug treatments for adults with type 2 diabetes, adding non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (including finerenone) and tirzepatide (a dual glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist) to previously existing treatment options.\n**Design** Systematic review and network meta-analysis.\n**Data sources** Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central up to 14 October 2022.\n**Eligibility criteria for selecting studies** Eligible randomised controlled trials compared drugs of interest in adults with type 2 diabetes. Eligible trials had a follow-up of 24 weeks or longer. Trials systematically comparing combinations of more than one drug treatment class with no drug, subgroup analyses of randomised controlled trials, and non-English language studies were deemed ineligible. Certainty of evidence was assessed following the GRADE (grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation) approach.\n**Results** The analysis identified 816 trials with 471 038 patients, together evaluating 13 different drug classes; all subsequent estimates refer to the comparison with standard treatments. Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors (odds ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.83 to 0.94; high certainty) and GLP-1 receptor agonists (0.88, 0.82 to 0.93; high certainty) reduce all cause death; non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, so far tested only with finerenone in patients with chronic kidney disease, probably reduce mortality (0.89, 0.79 to 1.00; moderate certainty); other drugs may not. The study confirmed the benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in reducing cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, admission to hospital for heart failure, and end stage kidney disease. Finerenone probably reduces admissions to hospital for heart failure and end stage kidney disease, and possibly cardiovascular death. Only GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce non-fatal stroke; SGLT-2 inhibitors are superior to other drugs in reducing end stage kidney disease. GLP-1 receptor agonists and probably SGLT-2 inhibitors and tirzepatide improve quality of life. Reported harms were largely specific to drug class (eg, genital infections with SGLT-2 inhibitors, severe gastrointestinal adverse events with tirzepatide and GLP-1 receptor agonists, hyperkalaemia leading to admission to hospital with finerenone). Tirzepatide probably results in the largest reduction in body weight (mean difference â8.57 kg; moderate certainty). Basal insulin (mean difference 2.15 kg; moderate certainty) and thiazolidinediones (mean difference 2.81 kg; moderate certainty) probably result in the largest increases in body weight. Absolute benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and finerenone vary in people with type 2 diabetes, depending on baseline risks for cardiovascular and kidney outcomes (https://matchit.magicevidence.org/230125dist-diabetes).\n**Conclusions** This network meta-analysis extends knowledge beyond confirming the substantial benefits with the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in reducing adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes and death by adding information on finerenone and tirzepatide. These findings highlight the need for continuous assessment of scientific progress to introduce cutting edge updates in clinical practice guidelines for people with type 2 diabetes.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/systematic-review"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/book-citation"
},
"name" : "BookCitation",
"description" : "Profile of Citation for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The BookCitation Profile is used for citations of a book.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/121719"
},
"name" : "BookCitation: Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century",
"description" : "An example to map the BookCitation Profile",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/book-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/book-part-citation"
},
"name" : "BookPartCitation",
"description" : "Profile of Citation for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The BookPartCitation Profile is used for citations of a part of a book.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/139859"
},
"name" : "BookPartCitation: Chapter 3 of Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century",
"description" : "This Citation Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/book-part-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/139860"
},
"name" : "BookPartCitation: Chapter 3 of Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century - without baseCitation",
"description" : "An example to map the BookCitation Profile",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/book-part-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "ArtifactAssessment"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "ArtifactAssessment/179693"
},
"name" : "Certainty of Evidence Rating of 14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY)",
"description" : "This example of a CertaintyOfEvidence Profile shows a recursive pattern of component elements with type/classifier paired values for different aspects of rating the certainty of evidence.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/certainty-of-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/certainty-of-evidence"
},
"name" : "CertaintyOfEvidence",
"description" : "Profile of ArtifactAssessment for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The CertaintyOfEvidence Profile is used for expression of the certainty (also called quality or confidence in the estimates) of an Evidence artifact.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:extension"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/characteristic-timing"
},
"name" : "CharacteristicTiming",
"description" : "Timing in which the characteristic is determined or action is taken.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179690"
},
"name" : "CIBIC+ EndpointAnalysisPlan from PHUSE Lilly Redacted Protocol - EBMonFHIR IG Version",
"description" : "An example of an EndpointAnalysisPlan Profile which uses intended='true' and include-if extensions within Evidence.statistic.modelCharacteristic elements.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/endpoint-analysis-plan"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/247416"
},
"name" : "Citation for Composition: ComparativeEvidenceReport: Association of Bariatric Surgery vs Medical Obesity Treatment With Long-term Medical Complications and Obesity-Related Comorbidities (2018 Norwegian Cohort)",
"description" : "A citation of a Resource on the FEvIR Platform",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/database-entry-citation"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/58"
},
"name" : "Citation for FEvIR Evidence 55: 14-day mortality remdesivir vs placebo meta-analysis (ACTT-1, Wang et al, WHO SOLIDARITY)",
"description" : "This Citation Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Citation"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Citation/7638"
},
"name" : "Citation for FEvIR Evidence 7637: Critically appraised summary of primary outcome of multi-platform RCT of anticoagulation for non-critically ill COVID-19",
"description" : "A Evidence Resource to demonstrate complex evidence reporting",
"isExample" : true
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/classification"
},
"name" : "Classification",
"description" : "Profile of ArtifactAssessment for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The Classification Profile is used for classifier tags that may be created independently from Resource creators and may be used for search indexes.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "ArtifactAssessment"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "ArtifactAssessment/179448"
},
"name" : "Classification: Study Design for Association of Bariatric Surgery with Complications and Comorbidities JAMA 2018 Norwegian Cohort",
"description" : "This Classification Profile example is used to represent the study design classifiers (as CodeableConcept datatype values) in support of a ComparativeEvidenceReport Profile.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/classification"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/cohort-definition"
},
"name" : "CohortDefinition",
"description" : "Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The CohortDefinition Profile is used to provide a definitional representation of a Group. The type element is required. (Alternatively, the ConceptualCohortDefinition Profile uses membership = conceptual and allows avoiding the required use of type.)",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comment"
},
"name" : "Comment",
"description" : "Profile of ArtifactAssessment for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The Comment Profile is used for comments about a Resource that may be created independently from Resource creators.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "ArtifactAssessment"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "ArtifactAssessment/179694"
},
"name" : "Comment on Guideline: ADA 2021 Standards of Medical Care 8. Obesity Management for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes by Joanne Dehnbostel 2023-11-28T15:19:01.266Z",
"description" : "This example of a Comment Profile shows a comment about another Resource (Guideline Profile) in which the commenter is not the author of the Resource commented upon.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comment"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparative-baseline-measure-evidence"
},
"name" : "ComparativeBaselineMeasureEvidence",
"description" : "Profile of Evidence for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparativeBaselineMeasureEvidence Profile is used for comparative evidence with a measured variable (with the role of outcome for this Evidence) that is considered an independent variable with respect to the outcome of an exposure or intervention in a study.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179455"
},
"name" : "ComparativeBaselineMeasureEvidence: Age in 2018 Norwegian Cohort Surgical Group vs. Medical Group",
"description" : "Mean age 41.2 in Surgical Group vs. 45.7 in Medical Group (p < 0.001)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-baseline-measure-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179456"
},
"name" : "ComparativeBaselineMeasureEvidence: BMI in 2018 Norwegian Cohort Surgical Group vs. Medical Group",
"description" : "Mean BMI 45.4 in Surgical Group vs. 42.9 in Medical Group (p < 0.001)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-baseline-measure-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence",
"description" : "Profile of Evidence for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparativeEvidence Profile is used for evidence with a measured variable that is considered the outcome of an exposure or intervention, and an exposure variable with two or more categories that are being compared.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/49328"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: All-cause mortality effect of bariatric surgery in 2022 meta-analysis",
"description" : "effect estimate for bariatric surgery on all-cause mortality pooled hazard ratio (HR) 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.62; P < 0.001 vs. controls) in meta-analysis of 21 cohort studies with 133,524 patients after bariatric surgery and 263,478 obese controls",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/32144"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Bariatric Surgery effect for ADA triple outcome at 5 years (Diabetes Surgery Study)",
"description" : "Of 120 participants who were initially randomized, 98 (82%) completed 5 years of follow-up. At 5 years, 13 participants (23%) in the gastric bypass group and 2 (4%) in the lifestyle-intensive medical management group had achieved the composite triple end point (difference, 19%; 95% CI, 4%-34%; P\t=\t.01).",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104157"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Additional GI surgical procedure in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "Surgical patients had a greater risk for undergoing at least 1 additional gastrointestinal surgical procedure (AR, 31.3% vs 15.5%; RD, 15.8% [95% CI, 13.1%-18.5%]; RR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.7-2.4]).",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104098"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Myocardial infarction or stroke in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study",
"description" : "Bariatric surgery was associated with a reduced number of cardiovascular deaths (28 events among 2010 patients in the surgery group vs 49 events among 2037 patients in the control group; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29-0.76; P = .002). The number of total first time (fatal or nonfatal) cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction or stroke, whichever came first) was lower in the surgery group (199 events among 2010 patients) than in the control group (234 events among 2037 patients; adjusted HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.54-0.83; P < .001). -- Extrapolated from this data the outcome of Nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke occurred in 188 out of 2037 patients in the control group and 171 out of 2010 patients in the surgery group, and the adjusted HR for total events is assumed to apply (adjusted HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.83)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104155"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on New onset depression in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "greater risk of new-onset depression: AR, 8.9% vs 6.5%; RD, 2.4% [95% CI, 1.3%-3.5%], RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.4-1.7]",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104121"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Remission of diabetes in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "greater likelihood of diabetes remission: AR, 57.5% vs 14.8%; RD, 42.7% [95% CI, 35.8%-49.7%], RR, 3.9 [95% CI, 2.8-5.4]",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104156"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Bypass surgery effects on Treatment with opioids in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "greater risk of treatment with opioids: AR, 19.4% vs 15.8%, RD, 3.6% [95% CI, 2.3%-4.9%], RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.2-1.4]",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47740"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Courcoulas 2014",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 12 months in Courcoulas 2014 was 6.6 % in Surgery group (n = 41) and 7.0% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 17), mean difference -0.40% (95% CI -0.89% to 0.09%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47768"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Courcoulas 2015",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 36 months in Courcoulas 2015 was 7.1% in Surgery group (n = 38) and 7.2% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 14), mean difference -0.10% (95% CI -0.35% to 0.15%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47759"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Cummings 2016",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 12 months in Cummings 2016 was 6.4% in Surgery group (n = 15) and 6.9% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 17), mean difference -0.50% (95% CI -1.52% to 0.52%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47748"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Ding 2015",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 12 months in Ding 2015 was 7.17 % in Surgery group (n = 18) and 7.15% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 22), mean difference 0.02% (95% CI -0.16% to 0.20%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47760"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Dixon 2008",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 24 months in Dixon 2008 was 6% in Surgery group (n = 30) and 7.2% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 30), mean difference -1.20% (95% CI -1.78% to -0.62%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47749"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Halperin 2014",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 12 months in Halperin 2014 was 6.2 % in Surgery group (n = 19) and 8.8% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 19), mean difference -2.60% (95% CI -3.37% to -1.83%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47751"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Ikramuddin 2013",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 12 months in Ikramuddin 2013 was 6.3 % in Surgery group (n = 57) and 7.8% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 19), mean difference -1.50% (95% CI -1.95% to -1.05%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47762"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Ikramuddin 2015",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 24 months in Ikramuddin 2015 was 6.5% in Surgery group (n = 56) and 8.4% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 54), mean difference -1.90% (95% CI -2.78% to -1.02%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47752"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Liang 2013",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 12 months in Liang 2013 was 6 % in Surgery group (n = 31) and 7.6% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 70), mean difference -1.60% (95% CI -1.94% to -1.26%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47665"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Mingrone 2012 (DIBASY) trial",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 24 months in Mingrone 2012 was 5.65% in Surgery group (n = 20) and 7.69% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 20), mean difference -2.04% (95% CI -2.53% to -1.55%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47695"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Mingrone 2015 (DIBASY) trial",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 60 months in Mingrone 2015 was 6.55% in Surgery group (n = 38) and 6.9% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 15), mean difference -0.35% (95% CI -0.69% to -0.01%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47738"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Parikh 2014",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 6 months in Parikh 2014 was 6.2 % in Surgery group (n = 20) and 7.8% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 24), mean difference -1.60% (95% CI -2.39% to -0.81%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47758"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Schauer 2012 (STAMPEDE) trial",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 12 months in Schauer 2012 was 6.5% in Surgery group (n = 99) and 7.5% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 41), mean difference -1.00% (95% CI -1.58% to -0.42%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47771"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Schauer 2014 (STAMPEDE) trial",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 36 months in Schauer 2014 was 6.85% in Surgery group (n = 97) and 8.4% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 40), mean difference -1.55% (95% CI -2.28% to -0.82%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/47766"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups in Wentworth 2014",
"description" : "Mean HbA1c at 24 months in Wentworth 2014 was 6.1% in Surgery group (n = 23) and 7.3% in Medical/Lifestyle group (n = 25), mean difference -1.20% (95% CI -1.84% to -0.56%)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/33244"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidence: Mean difference in HbA1c effect of bariatric surgery in 2016 meta-analysis",
"description" : "effect estimate for differences in mean HbA1c at study end point between Surgery and Medical/Lifestyle groups -1.14% (95% CI -1.57% to -0.71%) in meta-analysis of 15 trials with 1,067 participants",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence-report"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidenceReport",
"description" : "Profile of Composition for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparativeEvidenceReport Profile is used for an evidence report including the study group, exposure, comparator, and findings for any number of outcomes comparing the exposure to the comparator in the study group.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Composition"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Composition/178426"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidenceReport: Association of Bariatric Surgery vs Medical Obesity Treatment With Long-term Medical Complications and Obesity-Related Comorbidities (2018 Norwegian Cohort)",
"description" : "This example of a ComparativeEvidenceReport Profile shows a report from a single observational study with 2 baseline measures, 2 participant flow measures, and 4 outcome measures.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence-report"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence-report-subject"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidenceReportSubject",
"description" : "Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The EvidenceReportSubject Profile is used to define the subject of an EvidenceReport.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179633"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidenceReportSubject: Association of Bariatric Surgery vs Medical Obesity Treatment With Long-term Medical Complications and Obesity-Related Comorbidities (2018 Norwegian Cohort)",
"description" : "This example of a ComparativeEvidenceReportSubject Profile expresses the conceptual group of PICO elements using the 'all of'' code in the combinationMethod element. Each of the characteristics described in this example are defined by reference to another Resource so the characteristic.code element has a value of text:'Defined by Reference' and uses a valueReference element. Three of the characteristics are defined by reference to a Group Resource and the last characteristic (Outcomes) is defined by reference to a List Resource. This example demonstrates the use of the 'conceptual' code for the membership element. In this case the Group Resource is being used for the conceptual grouping of characteristics and is not a group of people or physical objects.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence-report-subject"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparative-evidence-synthesis-report"
},
"name" : "ComparativeEvidenceSynthesisReport",
"description" : "Profile of Composition for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparativeEvidenceSynthesisReport Profile is used for an evidence report including the intended population, intended exposure, intended comparator, and findings for any number of outcomes comparing the exposure to the comparator with observed study group, observed exposure group, and observed comparator group unique for each outcome.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparative-participant-flow-evidence"
},
"name" : "ComparativeParticipantFlowEvidence",
"description" : "Profile of Evidence for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparativeParticipantFlowEvidence Profile is used for comparisons of counts of completion and reasons for non-completion of participation in a research study.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/179635"
},
"name" : "ComparativeParticipantFlowEvidence: Dropout due to stopping intervention Lofexidine vs. Placebo in opioid detoxification trial",
"description" : "Dropout due to stopping intervention 18/33 with Lofexidine vs. 12/35 with Placebo in opioid detoxification trial",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-participant-flow-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparator-definition"
},
"name" : "ComparatorDefinition",
"description" : "Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparatorDefinition Profile is used to express the criteria defining a reference group for comparison.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/236776"
},
"name" : "ComparatorDefinition: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists",
"description" : "This Group Resource is referenced in an example for the EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/exposure-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/172424"
},
"name" : "ComparatorDefinition: NOT Bariatric Surgery (RYGB, VSG, LAGB, BPD)",
"description" : "Absence of any of 4 bariatric surgery procedures (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy, Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric banding, Biliopancreatic Diversion)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179785"
},
"name" : "ComparatorDefinition: Usual-care pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis",
"description" : "Description: usual-care pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis\nNote: Thromboprophylaxis was provided at a dose and duration determined by the treating clinician according to local practice.\nNote: Usual-care pharmacological thromboprophylaxis included both intermediate-intensity (in 27%) and prophylactic-intensity dosing (in 72%). Subgroup analyses may be informative to determine if there is a difference related to the intensity used in the control arm of the trial.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparator-group"
},
"name" : "ComparatorGroup",
"description" : "Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparatorGroup Profile is used to represent a group (definitional or enumerated) used as a comparator in a ComparativeEvidence.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/172939"
},
"name" : "ComparatorGroup: JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study Control cohort",
"description" : "Example of an ComparatorGroup Profile with an enumerated group (quantity = 956) meeting 2 characteristics defined by Group Resources (Member of a StudyGroup Profile, excluding a Procedure defined by an ExposureDefinition Profile)",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-group"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/172460"
},
"name" : "ComparatorGroup: Obese patients ⥠18 years old without bariatric surgery",
"description" : "This example of a ComparatorGroup Profile expresses the definition of a group by the combination of meeting both (all of) two characteristics by using the 'all-of' code in the combinationMethod element. Each of the two characteristics in this example are defined by reference to another Group Resource, so the characteristic.code element has a value of text:'Defined by Reference' and uses a valueReference element.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-group"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparator-only-evidence"
},
"name" : "ComparatorOnlyEvidence",
"description" : "Profile of Evidence for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ComparatorOnlyEvidence Profile is used for evidence with a measured variable that is considered the outcome of an exposure or intervention, and a population that has an exposure with a categorical value that is the reference category for the exposure in a ComparativeEvidence Profile. The ComparatorOnlyEvidence describes the evidence for the comparator group.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104385"
},
"name" : "ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Additional GI surgical procedure without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "Risk of additional GI surgical procedure in control group was 15.5%.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-only-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104384"
},
"name" : "ComparatorOnlyEvidence: All-cause mortality without bariatric surgery in 2022 meta-analysis",
"description" : "estimate for all-cause mortality without bariatric surgery 4.75% based on median control event rate in 26 cohort studies with post-bariatric surgery patients and obese controls",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-only-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104397"
},
"name" : "ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Myocardial infarction or stroke without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study",
"description" : "Bariatric surgery was associated with 49 cardiovascular deaths among 2037 patients in the control group. The number of total first time (fatal or nonfatal) cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction or stroke, whichever came first) in the control group was 234 events among 2037 patients. Extrapolated from this data the outcome of Nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke occurred in 188 out of 2037 patients in the control group.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-only-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104395"
},
"name" : "ComparatorOnlyEvidence: New onset depression without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "Risk of New onset depression in control group was 6.5%.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-only-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104396"
},
"name" : "ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Remission of diabetes without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "Risk of Remission of diabetes in control group was 14.8%.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-only-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Evidence"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Evidence/104394"
},
"name" : "ComparatorOnlyEvidence: Treatment with opioids without bariatric surgery (Control Group) in JAMA 2018 Norwegian cohort study",
"description" : "Risk of Treatment with opioids in control group was 15.8%.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparator-only-evidence"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/comparison"
},
"name" : "Comparison",
"description" : "Profile of ArtifactAssessment for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The Comparison Profile is used for assessments of similarities and differences between knowledge artifacts.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "ArtifactAssessment"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "ArtifactAssessment/179700"
},
"name" : "Comparison: Original and Adapted Recommendation: ADA Obesity Management Recommendation 8.16",
"description" : "This Comparison Profile shows a comparison of top-level elements between two Resources and classifies each element pairing as Same or Different based on whether the content is a match.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparison"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "ArtifactAssessment"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "ArtifactAssessment/171898"
},
"name" : "Composite Rating of FOI 153881 for Project FOI 112280",
"description" : "This example of a CompositeRating Profile is a result from evaluating 2 or more Rating Profile instances about the same artifactReference and path, and reporting the agreed value in the summary element with a classifier value of SAME when all ratings were in agreement, and reporting MISMATCH in both elements when disagreements occurred.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/composite-rating"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/composite-rating"
},
"name" : "CompositeRating",
"description" : "Profile of ArtifactAssessment for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The CompositeRating Profile is used for a composite rating or classification of a Resource that may be created following ratings or classifications by two or more parties.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Organization"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Organization/118079"
},
"name" : "Computable_Publishing_LLC",
"description" : "Computable Publishing® augments digital publishing with machine-interpretable forms. Computable Publishing® offers publishers of any type (commercial, nonprofit, academic, government) the ability to extend their published works with computable (machine-interpretable) forms of expression, and users of any type support in using computable data to enhance, improve and achieve desired outcomes.",
"isExample" : true
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "StructureDefinition:resource"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition",
"description" : "Profile of Group for Evidence Based Medicine IG. The ConceptualCohortDefinition Profile is used to provide a conceptual representation of a Group. The membership = conceptual allows avoiding the required use of type.",
"isExample" : false
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179902"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: At least 2 risk factors for stroke",
"description" : "This example shows used of combinationMethod (at-least) and combinationThreshold (2) to express at least 2 of a set of characteristics.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179514"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: BMI 27.5-32.4 in Asian Americans who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"description" : "BMI 27.5-32.4 in Asian Americans who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179513"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: BMI 30-34.9 in persons who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"description" : "BMI 30-34.9 in persons who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179510"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: BMI 32.5-37.4 in Asian Americans who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"description" : "BMI 32.5-37.4 in Asian Americans who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179509"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: BMI 35-39.9 in persons who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"description" : "BMI 35-39.9 in persons who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities without surgery",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179506"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: BMI criteria for ADA surgery recommendation",
"description" : "Body Mass Index (BMI) ⥠40.0 kg/m2 (BMI ⥠37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans), or BMI ⥠35.0 kg/m2 and ⤠39.9 kg/m2 (BMI 32.5-37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179376"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: BMI ⥠35 and at least 1 obesity-related comorbidity",
"description" : "BMI ⥠35 and at least 1 obesity-related comorbidity",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179508"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: BMI ⥠37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans",
"description" : "BMI ⥠37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179897"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: Estimated glomerular filtration rate 45-59",
"description" : "A characteristic of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 45-59 mL/min/1.73m2 is shown here. LOINC Code guidance states 'If transitioning to the new 2021 calculations, note there are separate equations for male and female patients that need to be implemented. The same LOINC code is applied regardless of which sex-based equation is used to generate the result. Laboratories need to build each male and female equation within their LIS and validate per their accreditation requirements.' and 'While LOINC does not have a specific code for reporting the exact equation used to calculate eGFR, it may be appropriate for labs to transmit this information as part of the information contained in the result comment field. The individual laboratory should determine whether it is better to include the equation, or the author(s) of the equation, to identify the method used to perform the eGFR calculation.' This example uses Group.characteristic.determinedByExpression to show where the exact equation may be reported.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179901"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: Heart failure based on Phenotypes",
"description" : "This example shows how to express a Group defined by meeting either of two phenotype definitions for 'heart failure' where the phenotype definitions are found by URL in a system not using FHIR for phenotype expression. This demonstrates the Group.characteristic.valueUri element.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],
"reference" : {
"reference" : "Group/179512"
},
"name" : "ConceptualCohortDefinition: Lower BMI criteria for ADA surgery consideration",
"description" : "Body Mass Index (BMI) ⥠30.0 kg/m2 and ⤠34.9 kg/m2 (BMI 27.5-32.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods.",
"isExample" : true,
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/conceptual-cohort-definition"
]
},
{
"extension" : [
{
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/resource-information",
"valueString" : "Group"
}
],